confounded

word · lemma: confound

Definition

Feeling confused or surprised, often because something is difficult to understand. It can also be used as an old-fashioned or formal way of saying 'damned' or expressing annoyance.

Usage & Nuances

More common in old-fashioned, literary, or formal English. As an exclamation ('confounded fool!'), it's milder than 'damned'. As an adjective, it means 'confused' or 'perplexed'. Not frequently used in modern spoken English; often found in historical or humorous contexts.

Example Sentences

He looked confounded when I asked the question.

basic

I felt confounded by the complex instructions.

basic

The results confounded the scientists.

basic

That confounded alarm clock keeps going off at midnight.

natural

He was confounded by the unexpected turn of events.

natural

Don't be so confounded stubborn!

natural