itself
word
Definition
'Itself' is a reflexive pronoun used when a thing, animal, situation, or idea is both the subject and the object. It can also add emphasis, meaning the thing alone or the thing in its true nature.
Usage & Nuances
Use 'itself' for things, animals, and abstract situations, not for people. Common patterns: 'by itself' (alone/without help), 'in itself' (by its own nature), and reflexive verbs like 'the door opened itself' are rare compared with natural forms like 'the door opened by itself'. Learners often confuse emphasis ('The plan itself is good') with reflexive use ('The cat cleaned itself').
Example Sentences
The cat cleaned itself after dinner.
basic
The door opened by itself.
basic
The problem is not hard in itself.
basic
The app keeps closing by itself, and it's driving me crazy.
natural
The movie itself was great, but the ending felt rushed.
natural
The idea itself isn't bad—we just need a better plan.
natural